Wickless oil burner



Apr. 17, 1923. 1,452,354 A. J. BLACKFORD WICKLESS OIL BURNER i iled Sept. 19, 1921 4 Sheets-Sheet 1 HIHHIII HIp-HH Apr. 17, 1923.

A. J. BLACKFORD wI cKLEss OIL BURNER onvoo oooo Apr. 17, 1923.

A. J. BLACKFORD WICKLESS OIL BURNER Filed Sept. 19, I921 4 Sheets-Sheet 3 61474 01 new Apr. 17, 1923.

v A. J. BLACKF'ORD WICKLESS OIL BURNER Filed Sept.

. Cr TD l v l l I I Lari .0 @149 a l 4 Sheets- Sheet 4 Patented Apr, 17, 1923.

UNITED s'r Tes entrant near-ca.

ATWELL J'. BLAGKFORD, OF CLEVELAND, OHIO, ASSIGNOR T0 AIEERICAN STOVE COMPANY, OF ST. LOUIS, MISSOURI, A CORPORATION OF NEW JERSEY.

, wIcKLnss .0113 BURNER.

Application filed September 19, 192:]... Serial No. 501,709.

T 0 all whom it may, concern Be it known that I, A'rwnLLJ. BLAOKFORD, citizen of the United States, residing at Cleveland. in the eount of Cu aho a and to means for controlling the flame of the burner, and pertains more particularly to wickless blue flame oil burners.

Nickless blue flame oil burners comprise essentially an oil trough into which'the' oil is fed, and a lighting ring seated in the trough for the purpose oflightin'g the burner and.

heating it for vaporizing the .oil' therein, particularly in the starting of the burner, and a combustion section surmounting the trough, consisting of parallel perforated walls between which the vapor rises and partially burns, producing at the top of the combustion section a smokeless blue flame, all 0)": which is well known to those'skilled in this art.

In the operation of these burners as hereto'fore constructed the feed of the oil to the trough has been controlled in various ways for the purpose of regulating the flame. One way has been by the use of the well known needle valve. The well known maintained oil level supply has also beenused, in which the amount of oil contained in the trough has been controlled by relatively raising and lowering either the trough or the maintained oil supply. j

It has been found in the operation of either of the above mentioned ways of .controlling the amount of oil in the trough, that the flame does not promptly respond, to the regulation of either of the above mentioned ways of controlling the amount oi oil in the oil trough. The failure to promptly respond to the oil. regulation has been the source of confusion to the-ordinary operator, making itldifikult to regulate the flame. I The primary object of my present invention is to provide an improved construction for controlling the flame, wherebythe fiarne closure thereof.

ll her'e thedeep troughis used containing a considerable quantity ofoil, the oil tends to I cool the trough. and there isa considerable accumulation of carbon at the top of the lighting ring.

wmuother object ot my present improveinent is to increase the heat at the top of the deep trough, whereby the proper amount of heat'is provided to the trough for the best result, and wherebythe heat at the top of the trough and at the upper portion of the ring materially decreases the accumulation of carbon on thering. thereby materially increas ing: the'li'fe of the ring.

Otherobjects. of my invention will appear hereinafter. from the description and dis- In the accompanying drawings: 7

Fig. ,1 is a side elevation otfa stove embodying a burner which contains my pres ent improvements.

Fig. 2 is a vertical central section through a wicklessoil burner embodying my im- 8 proved construction.

Fi 3 is a horizontal sectional view on the 1ine-3 of Fig. 2 looking in the direction indicated by arrow. I

I Fig. 4- is a view similar to Fig. 2, showing a plunger for causing the oil to more rapidly flow from the oil trough. as supplemental to the construction shown in Fig. 2.

Fig; 5 is an enlarged side elevation of regulatingmeansshowing itin its various adusted positions.

; Fi {:3 a diagrammatic View showing the trough and the lighting ring in various relative adpistments: 1

In carrying out mypresent improvement a suitable stove framel. is provided. ingwhich anoil supply pipe? is supported at itsiloyver portion. This supply pipe 2 has one end 3 extending outside of the stove frame and is in communication with the well known maintained oil level device 4.

The oil trough 5 is of the deep type and contains a considerable quantity of oil when in operation. Mounted on the upper end of the trough 5 is a well known type of perforated combustion section 6. Since the construction and operation of this combustion section is well known to and understood by those skilled in the art. it is unnecessary to describe it. This combustion section 6 is adapted to be lifted above the trough a suitable distance to expose the lighting ring'18 to be lighted. .finy suitable means can be provided for this purpose. As here shown, a vertical movable rod 8 is adapted to engage the rombustion section so that it can be lifted. and the lower end of the rod 8 has a laterally extending handle end 9 adapted to engage a suitable hook support 10 when it is elevated. and from which hook it can be disengaged to permit the combustion section to seat. on the upper end of the trough.

The bottom of the trough 5 communicates with the supply pipe 2 through a telescoping supply connection comprising an upper tube 11 which has its upper end 12 rigidly connected with the bottom of the trough and in communication therewith, and a lower tubular member 13 which has its lower end fixed to an oil union 14, which is rcmovably connected to a projecting nipple 1.5 by a screw clamp 16. The upper end of the tubular member 13 carries a suitable stufiing box 17. through which the telescoping tubular member 11 moves up and down carrying with it the trough.

Located within the trough is the lighting member 18. and its lower end is carried in a suitable Y metallic holder 19. As shown clearly in Fig. 2, the rod 20 extends through the telescoping tube 11 and the tubular member 13. the lower end 22 of the rod being above thebottoni of the opening 23 in the oil union 14.

Means for raising and lowering the oil trough 5 and the telescoping tube 11. in the form here showm comprises a member 24 which has its upper end connected with a bracket 25, and this bracket is attached to the tubular member 11 by solder or otherwise.- Preferably this bracket 2 extends across below the bottom of the trough in approximately Z-shape. as shown at 26, and has an openin 27 through which the rod 8 loosely passes the depending extremity of the end 26. forming the aforesaid hook support 10 for the handle end 9 of the rod 8. As here shown. a stay member 28 has its upper end connected to the inner side of the trough and its lower end connected to the Z-shaped portion 26.

.A. flr'tically arranged combined indei and guide plate 29 is suitably screwed or clamped to an i.-sliaped plate 30. which plate in turn is fastened to an arm 31 which extends outwardly froin the oil union 14. The plate 29 is provided with a vertical slot 32 and a horizontal tube '33 is connected with the lower end of the vertically arranged member 24 through the slot 32 by means of a plate 34 and suitable screws or rivets A shaft 36 is loosely journaled in the tube- 33 and carries at its outer end a hand wheel 37 and at its inner end a pinion 38 which meshes with a rackbar 39 attached to the inner side of the plate 29. When the shaft 36 is rotated by the hand wheel 37. the tube 33 with its shaft 36. pinion 38 and vertically arranged member 24, are moved up and down carrying with them the bracket 25, telescoping tube 11 and the trough 5.

A suitable pointer 40 projects laterally from the plate 34 and the index plate 29 carries the indications Out. which would indicate that the burner is in positionto be extinguished. the word Low. which indicates b "*1 and the burner is extinguished. As the burner is lowered the lighting ring which is.

resting on the bottom of the trough maintains its position in the trough andmoves down with it. until the lower end of the rod 20 strikes the bottom of the opening 23 in the oil. union 14. hen this point is reached the downward movement oi" the rod, the lighting ring holder and the lighting ring is arrested. so that thetrough will move downward independent the lighting ring. By reason of this independent movement the lighting ring changes its position in the trough so that its upper end projects higher in the trough and may even extend beyond the top 01 the trough when the trough reaches the limit of its downward movement. The distance between the lower end 01" the rod 20 and the bottom of the opening 23 in the oilunion 14 will be proportioned to the distance the trough moves above the oil level, and. it enables the trough to be lifted high above the oil level. From this it will i be seen that the trough and lightiug'mcmbcr move downward together until the down ward movement oi" the lighting member is arrested by the lower end of the rod 22. en gaging the bottom of the opening 23 oil union 14. a,

In Fig. 6 I have diagrammatically shown the relative positions of the trough andthe lighting member in four adjustments thereof. In this view the line it represents the baton of the opening; 23 in the oil union in the 14. In the position Fig.6,the trough is in its lowest position and the lighting member in its relatively highest position,

whereby a maximum flame results. In position M, the trough is raised and the -lighting ring is in a lower position in respect to the trough and a medium flame isthe result. Vith the trough and lighting ring in the positions shown in position L, a low flame is the result and with the trough and lighting ring in the position shown in position 0, they'flame is extinguished. Of course it will be understood that there are other adjustments'between"H and L in (addition to those shown, which would produce flames between High and Medm. and between Medm. and Low though in ordinary operation these three positions aresuflicientfor all practical purposes By means of the relative movement of thetrough 5 and lighting ring 18 I am enabled to produce a wickless blueflame oil burner, in 'which'the height of the flame 1nstantly respondsyto the adjustment of the parts for that purpose.

In a wickless'oil burner having the deep trough here shown and containing a large quantity'of oil, it is. found in practice that the oil cools the walls of the trough and thus reduces the amount of vaporization of the oil, and that also due to the fact that there is not a very high temperature atthe top of the lighting ring, there is considerable accumulationof carbon on the lighting ring and thus materially shortens thelife of the lighting ring, as well as materially a5 fecting the, operation of the burner. For the purpose of producing a high temperature at the top of the trough, thereby increasing the vaporization 01 the oil; materially-reducing the accumulation of carbon p on the lighting ring and on the trough, and

increasing the life of the. lighting ring. .I accomplish this increased temperature in the upper portion of the trough by provit ing its inner and outer 'wallswith a suitable number of properly sized air inlet openings 41; which are preferably located below the seats of the walls of the combustion section 6. In this way suflicientair is admitted to maintain-a limited combustion in the upper portion of theoil trough, sutlicient to produce the above stated functions and accomplish the stated improved results.

In Fig. 4; I have shown a supplemental construction to that shown in 2, whereby the 0'] is (-ausedto more quickly flow out of the trough as it is adjusted vertically. This supplemental constructionconsists in 7 providing the rod 20 with a plunger 20 within the telescoping tube 1].. This plunger, 20' is locatedcintermediate the ends .of the rod 20 and inthis instance a spiral spring 42 surrounds the lower end of the rod, the upper end of the spring abutting against the lower endofthe tube 11 and the lower end of the spring engaging a suitable adjustable nut 48. Like the construction shown in Fig.2, the lower end 22 of the rod 20 is above the bottom of the opening23 in the oil union 14, so that the light- Eng ring and thetrough move downward together rm: a predetermined distance and from that point on the. trough moves clownward independent of the lighting ring. The object of thespring4-2 is to insure the more ment of the plunger 20' in the tube 11, as the tube moves upward. Bythis arrange ment there is a suction action on the oil in plunger 20, wherebythe ring holder 19 and the ring can be removed from the-burner together as theycan'beinFig." 2.. In this event it is only necessary to provide a stop ,to limit the outward movement. of the plunger 20 and this could be readily accomplished by having a pin or s'crewpass through the lower end of the tube llatthe -:point 46 and extend inward below the lower endof the plunger.

I- desire itfto be understood that the drawings an'd description here n are one mechanical expression of my improvement,

and that variations and changes therein '7 vcould'be made by those skilled in the ;art --w'ithout departing from the'spirit and scope v ,of my improvement, sought to be "protected herein by the appended claims.- r t Having thus described my invention what I lidesire to claim. and secure by Letters Patal. A wickless oil burn r.- comprising an oilcontaining member or; trough, means vfor .maintaininga body of'oil ini said trough, a-M

lighting me mbenwholly within the trough, one of said members movablegvertioallyin respect; to the other during operation for controlling the flame.

2 A wic kless oil burner rom'prisingan.

oil containing trough, a lighting member wholly within the trough, means for maintaining a body otoilin thetrough, the bottom of the lighting member and the bottom of the trough vertically movable during eration, for the purpose described. I,

. 3. Ar wickless oil rburner, .comprising an oil containing trough, a maintained oillevel supply for thetrough, a lighting member in the trough, the trough and lighting memher having a relative vertical movement during operation for the purpose of controlling the flame.

4. A wickless oil burner, comprising an oil containing trough, a maintained oil level supply for the trough, a lighting member in thetrough, the trough having a vertical movement in relation to the lighting member during the operation of the burner for controlling the flame.

A wiekless oil burner, comprising an oil trou'gh, a light ng member in the trough, the, trough and lighting member movable together a predetermined distance, one of said members vertically movable in respect to theother after said predetermined distance is reached for the purpose described.

6. A wickless oil burner, comprising an oil trough, a lighting member in the trough,

said members vertically movable together a predetern'iined distance and thereafter the trough movable vertically independent of the lighting member.

7. A wickless oil burner, comprising an 011 containing trough, a lighting member in the trough, a maintamed 011 level supply for "the trough, the trough and lighting memher vertically movable together a predeported in the trough, the trough and lighting member vertically movable together a predetermined distance, and a stop arresting the downward movement of the lighting member when the predetermined distance is reached. a

9. A wickless oil. burner, comprising an oil trough, a lighting member movably supported in the trough, a vertically movable oil supply pipe connected with the trough,

' able in the trough, a vertically movable oil supply pipe connected with the trough, a

rod extending through the supply pipe and carrying a plunger within the pipe, and means for arresting the downward movement of the rod, thereby causing the plunger to move within the supply pipe.

11. A wickles's oil burner, comprising an oil trough. a lighting member vertically mov able therein, a vertically movable oil supply pipe connected with the trough, a rod extending through the pipe and connected w h weighti g member, a plunger car.

ried by the. rod within the pipe, means for holding the rod and plunger extended within the pipe and means for arresting the downward movement of the rod and plunger as for moving the plunger in the pipe, and the trough and lighting member vertically movable in respect to each other.

13. A wiclrless oil burner, comprising a vertically movable trough, an oil supply conduit theretor, a plunger in the supply con duit and movable therein as the trough moves, thereby accelerating the movement of the oil supply in respect to the trough.

14. A wickless oil burner, comprising a vertically movable oil trough, a lighting member movable in the trough, a vertically movable oil supply pipe connected with the trough, a rod connecting with the lighting member and extending through the oil tube, plunger on the rod within the tube, the rod extending beyond the tube and an expandin spring for holding the rod extended in respect to the oil supply tube for the purpose described.

15; A wickless oil burner, comprising a vertically movable oil trouglna lighting member loosely supported in the trough, means connected with the lighting member adapted to arrest the downward movement of. the latter, said means disconnected with the movable parts whereby it is removable with the lighting member.

16. A wickless oil burner, comprising a vertically movable oil trough, a lightihg member movably supported in the trough, an oil supply for the trough, a rod connected with the lighting member and depending in the supply pipe and disconnected, whereby the rod and the lighting member are removable together trom the trough.

17. In a wickless oil burner. an oil containing trough, a lighting member therein, a combustion section mounted on the trough, the walls of the trough having air openings in constant conununication with the atmosphere and with the inside of the trough substantially at the upper end of the lighting member for furnishing air for supplying combustion at the end of the wick during the operation of the burner. i

18. A wickless oil burner, comprising an oil containing trougb. a lighting member therein, a combustion section seated on the upper end of the trouglnthe inner and outer walls of the trough having air-openings in constant communication with the atmosphere and with the inside of the trough adjacent the upper ends but below the lower end of the combustion section furnishing air for combustion at the end of the wick durtrough, whereby the oil union, trough and ing the operation of the burner raising and loweringineans form a single 10 19. In a wickless oil burner, the coinbinaattachable and detachable unit for the purtion with a main oil supply pipe of an oil pose described.

5 union detachztbly connected With the oil In testimony whereof I hereunto affix my supply, the oil union carrying a vertically signature. c I I I adjustable oil trough and a trough raising ATWELL J. BLACKFORD; and lowering means connected With the 

